On January 1, 1804, Jean-Jacques Dessalines declared Haiti’s independence and the country became the first free Black Republic, ending slavery. The Soup Joumou (winter squash), which was prepared by the slaves, for the slavemasters, was forbidden to them. Therefore, since January 1st 1804, its consumption is a strong symbol of celebration and liberation of the Haitian people which is celebrated every year around the world.
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Premye Janvye 1804, Jean-Jacques Desalin te deklare endepandans Ayiti, se te premye Repiblik nwa lib, sispan esklavaj. Soup Joumou, ki te prepare pou met esklav yo, te entèdi pou esklav yo. Se sa ki fè, depi jou sa a, nan dat sa a, konsomasyon li se yon senbol solid nan selebrasyon ak Liberasyon pep Ayisyen ke yo selebre atravè mond lan.
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Le 1er Janvier 1804, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, déclare l’indépendance d’Haïti et elle devient la première République Noire libre, mettant fin à l’esclavage.
La soupe au Giraumon qui était préparée pour les maîtres, était interdite aux esclaves. Par conséquent, depuis ce jour, à cette date, sa consommation est un symbole fort de célébration et de libération du peuple haïtien célébrée autour du monde.
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#ayiti #independance #endepandans #istwa #1804 #janvier #joumou #soupe #soup #ayisyen #haitien #haitian #blackrepublic #dessalines #slaves #slavery #history #histoire #haiti #slave #slavemaster #maitre #westindies #hispaniola #carribeans #africa #france #french 📸: Cindy Similien-Johnson

Oswald Durand was born in Cap-Haitian on September 17, 1840, he was a poet and a politician. He was a writer of French and Creole expression, considered as the national poet of Haiti. In 1842 an earthquake devastated the city, which made him an orphan when he was nearly two years old. Oswald Durand and her sister were raised by their maternal grandmother. His most famous works are Choucoune, a lyrical poem praising the beauty of a Haitian woman, and Chant National, a lyrical historic poem which became as popular as the presidential hymn. He died on April 22, 1906. More facts to come, stay tuned!
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Oswald Durand est né au Cap-Haïtien le 17 septembre 1840. Il était un poète, un homme politique et un écrivain d’expression française et créole, considéré comme le poète national d’Haïti. En 1842, un tremblement de terre a dévasté la ville, ce qui a fait de lui un orphelin alors qu’il avait presque deux ans. Oswald Durand et sa soeur ont été élevés par leur grand-mère maternelle. Ses œuvres les plus célèbres sont “Choucoune”, un poème lyrique vantant la beauté d’une femme haïtienne, et “Chant National”, un poème historique lyrique devenu aussi populaire que l’hymne présidentiel. Il est mort le 22 avril 1906. Plus de faits à venir, suivez-nous et activez vos alertes!
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Oswald Durand te fèt Okap, 17 septanm 1840, li te yon powèt ak yon politisyen. Li te yon ekriven ki te eksprime li an franse ak kreyòl, konsidere kòm powèt nasyonal Ayiti. Nan 1842 yon tranbleman tè devaste vil la, ki te fè li vinn yon òfelen lè li te prèske gen 2 lane de ane. Oswald Durand ak sè li te leve nan men grann matènèl yo. Pwojè ki pi popilè li yo se Choucoune, yon powèm lirik ki louwanje bote yon fanm ayisyen, ak Chant Nasyonal, yon powèm lirik istorik ki te vin popilè tankou kantik prezidansyèl la. Li te mouri 22 avril, 1906. Swiv nou pou lòt enfamasyon nap ba nou!
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#2)Choucoune by/par Celia Cruz
#3)Choucoune par Issa El Saieh
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#istwa1804 #istwa #1804 #ayiti #haiti #hayti #oswalddurand #durand #haitians #okap #caphaitien #caphaitian #haitiens #choucoune #chantnational #poets #poetes #artiste #haitianartist #atis #orphans #francais #french #creole #kreyol #talent #issaelsaieh #celiacru

In 1805 French troops were still posted on the eastern part of the island (mainly in Santo Domingo) led by the French officer Marie-Louis Ferrand. He mobilized his troops and ordered them to seize all black children of both sexes below the age of 14 years to be sold as slaves. When Dessalines learned the news, he was outraged and decided to invade Santo Domingo, with his forces looting several towns, such as Azua and finally laying siege to the city of Santo Domingo, the stronghold of the French.
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According to sources, General Henry Christophe (referred to as Enrique Cristóbal), under Dessalines, attacked the towns of Moca and Santiago. The barrister “Gaspar de Arredondo y Pichardo(1)” wrote, that 40 children had their throat cut. They finally retreated after their failed invasion attempt. –
The story continues and says that on 6 April 1805, General Christophe and his troops took all male prisoners to the local cemetery and slit their throats, along with 20 priests. Later he set the whole town on fire along with its 5 churches. On his way out he took along, fashioned like a herd, 249 women, 430 girls and 318 boys. Alejandro Llenas wrote that Christophe took 997 from Santiago alone, and “Monte Plata, San Pedro and Cotuí were reduced to ashes, and their residents either had their throats slit or were taken captives by the thousands, like farm animals, tied up and getting beaten on their way to Haiti.”
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Many challenge the occurance of this event or its outcome, some even use it to justify the tension between some hispaniolans. We share the infos available to inform and so you can have discussions on it.
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Sources:
1.Wikipedia
2.History of my departure from the Island of Santo Domingo on the 28th of April,1805.
3.Johnnenry Gonzalez Ph.D. gonzalez27@usf.edu (islandluminous.fiu.edu/part03-slide08.html)
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#haiti #hayti #ayiti #invasion #french #france #henrichristophe #dessalines #santodomingo #enriquecristobal #cristobal #santiago #henrychristophe #monteplata #moca #sanpedro #cotui #azua #failedinvastion #1805 #ferrand #hispaniola #massacre

On April 4th 1792, in the middle of slave revolts, the French National Assembly adopted a decree granting full rights to free people of colour. From that day forward there were free men or slaves. This historical moment was pivotal for the relationship between the slaves, the French colonists and the free people of colour (mulattos and blacks). It granted them equal political rights as their white counterparts, but the owners didn’t apply it right away. (Source: Culture & Révolution – Ardouin: Études sur l’Histoire d’Haïti)
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Le 4 avril 1792, au milieu des révoltes d’esclaves, l’Assemblée Nationale française adopta un décret octroyant des droits aux gens de couleur. À partir de ce jour, il y eut des hommes libres ou des esclaves. Ce moment historique fût crucial pour la relation entre les esclaves, les colons français et les affranchis, gens de couleur (mulâtres et noirs). Ce décret leur accordait des droits politiques égaux à ceux de leurs homologues blancs, mais les propriétaires ne l’appliquèrent pas tout de suite.
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4 avril 1792, nan mitan revòlt esklav yo, asanble nasyonal franse a te adopte yon dekrè ki te akòde dwa pou tout nèg nwa ak nèg milat. Depi jou sa a te gen moun lib oswa esklav. Moman istorik sa a te enpòtan pou relasyon ant esklav yo, ak kolon franse yo ak nèg lib yo (milat ak nèg nwa). Li akòde yo dwa politik egal ak blan yo, mèt pwopriyete yo pa t ‘aplike li touswit. .
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#haiti #hayti #sonthonax #decret #plantations #esclavage #slavery #polverel #delpech #haitians #colonial #colonies #assemblee #francaise #french #mulatres #noirs #black #slaves #freedom #milat #nwa #laws #1792

On 12 March, the French forces attempted to gain control of the fort but failed; Jean Boudet’s French forces suffered losses of 480, and Dessalines’s forces suffered losses of 200-300. Another attempt was made on 22 March which led to 300 French deaths. On 24 March, Dessalines’s forces abandoned the fort in the night due to heavy losses, and the French gained control of it. Despite gaining control of the fort, the French had suffered major losses, including the death of General Charles Dugua. Alexandre Pétion, a mixed-race French general, played an important role in the capture of the fort when he managed to deploy his cannon on a hill overlooking the Haitian position.
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12 Mas, twoup franse yo te eseye tounen jwenn kontwòl fò a, men yo echwe; Fòs franse Jean Boudet te pèdi 480 moun, epi fòs Dessalines yo pèdi 200-300 moun. Yon lòt tantativ te fèt le 22 mas ki te mennen a 300 lanmò solda franse. 24 Mas, fòs Desalin la te abandone fò a nan mitan lannwit akòz yo te pèdi anpil moun, e franse yo te pran kontwòl sou li. Malgre Franse te kontwole fò a, yo pèdi Jeneral Charles Dugua. Alexandre Pétion, yon jeneral franse milàt, te jwe yon wòl enpòtan nan kaptire fò a lè li te rive deplwaye kanon li sou yon mòn ki te bay nan direksyon pozisyon ayisyen yo. Source:Wikipedia
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#haiti #ayiti #haiti1804 #1804 #istwa1804 #battle #stmarc #latibonit #artibonite #french #haitians #soldiers #haitianrevolution #revolt #dessalines #rebels #leclerc #generalleclerc #charlesleclerc

The Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot was a major battle of the Haitian Revolution. The battle took place at the Crête-à-Pierrot fort , east of Saint-Marc on the valley of the Artibonite River. It took place from March 4 to March 24 1802
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Batay nan Lakrèt-a-Pyewo te yon gwo batay nan Revolisyon Ayisyen an ap pran plas depi 4 mas jiska 24 mas 1802. Batay la te fèt nan fò Lakrèt-a-Pyewo, bò kote lès Saint Marc sou la vale larivyè Latibonit.
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#haiti #ayiti #haiti1804 #1804 #istwa1804 #battle #stmarc #latibonit #artibonite #french #haitians #soldiers #haitianrevolution #revolt #dessalines #rebels #leclerc #charlesleclerc #ayiti #hayti #hispaniola #saintdomingue

She was known as Marie-Jeanne and served in the Haitian army in the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot during the Haitian Revolution. The wife of a young mulatto soldier, Louis Daure Lamartinière, she fought in male uniform. Thomas Madiou said: “she was known to fight like a brown Jeanne d’Arc”.
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Li te rele Marie-Jeanne epi li te sèvi nan lame ayisyen nan batay nan Crete-à-Pierrot pandan Revolisyon ayisyen an. Li te madanm yon jèn sòlda milat, yo te rele Louis Daure Lamartinière, li goumen nan inifòm gason. Thomas Madiou te di: “li te konnen pou l goumen tankou yon Jeanne d’Arc nwa.”
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Source/Sous:Wikipedia,Thomas Madiou
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#haiti #ayiti #hayti #istwa #istwa1804 #1804 #mariejeanne #lamartiniere #haitians #haitianrevolution #revolution #haitianarmy #generalleclerc #goud #gourdes #womeninhistory #blackwomen #black #thomasmadiou #women #madiou #soldier #mulatto #frencharmy #french #ayisyen

The intention behind the Ogé Revolt was to force the french colonists to allow voting rights for free men of colors. Those involved with Ogé, such as Jean-Baptiste Chavannes were of wealthy families. It is important to mention that their intention were not to free the slaves, people such as Etienne Dejoly, Julien Raimond owned slaves in the French colony and had no desire to weaken slavery system. .
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#oge #rebellion #revolt #1790 #vote #right #rights #menofcolor #men #color #duttyboukman #1791 #saintdomingue #santodomingo #french #freedom #facts #haiti #ayiti #istwa #1804

An affranchis delegate in France and leader of a mulatto revolt. He had been educated in Paris and was the son of a wealthy butcher or coffee plantation owner in Le Cap. He led a revolt against the white colonial authorities in Saint-Domingue that lasted from October to November 1790 in the vicinity of Le Cap, Ogé’s revolt of 1790, many sectors of Saint-Domingue society were ready to take up arms to put an end to the French cruelties.
As a member of the Friends of the Negro (Amis des Noirs), Ogé had been frustrated by the Assembly’s refusal to extend the Rights of Man to mulattoes and decided to take matters into his own hands after his efforts in France such as the 1789 motion to the Assembly of Colonists in Paris did not lead to greater freedom for the affranchis in the colony. Revolutionary France seemed unwilling to extent the ideals of the French Revolution to all sectors of it’s colonial empire.
“While residing in Paris he made the acquaintance and enjoyed the familiar friendship of Brissot, Robespierre, Lafayette, and other revolutionists connected with the society Amis des Noirs. From these men he learned his lessons of freedom. (Langston)

From Grande Rivière, his camp in the Department of the North, Ogé sent a letter to the President of the Assembly of that department to voice is opinion against the prejudice done to all freemen (including Blacks and Mulattoes).
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#haiti #ayiti #istwa1804 #1804 #saintdomingue #santodomingo #oge #granderiviere #lecap #caphaitien #mulatto #blacks #freemen #noir #robespierre #fenchrevolution #french #revolution #haitianrevolution #haitian #haitien #rightsofman #affranchis #revolt #revolution #paris #1790 #1791 #execution #plantation #lafayette

In October 1790, he arrived in Saint-Domingue. Meeting with Jean-Baptiste Chavannes, another free man of color, militiaman, and veteran of the American Revolution, Ogé soon gathered a force of about 250 to 300 free men of color. This group men successfully defeated or frightened away several detachments of colonial militia sent out from Cap-Français.

Ogé and his rebels were flushed out by a larger force of professional soldiers and forced across the border into the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo. On 20 November 1790, Ogé and 23 of his associates, including Jean-Baptiste Chavannes, were captured in Hinche, then part of the Spanish controlled part of Hispaniola. They surrendered after receiving guarantees of safety, but the Spanish authorities nevertheless returned Ogé and his men to the colonial government of de Blanchelande in Le Cap.

Their treatment served only to heat up the already boiling cauldron of dissatisfaction among free men of color and slaves in the colony. Ogé became an important symbol of the injustices of a colonial slave society that wanted to restrict the benefits of the French Revolution to whites only. (Some sources differ on the exact date of february).
Sources: Wikipedia & « Toussaint Louverture »(Beard p.46)
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#haiti #ayiti #istwa1804 #1804 #haitian #haitians #pap #hinche #haitainrevolution #spanish #colony #french #1791 #chavannes #hispaniola #vincentoge #saintdomingue #santodomingo #freemanofcolor #gensdecouleurs #julienraimond